Episodes
(5)Overview
Status
Ongoing
Duration
23 January 1992 - Present
(over 28 years)
Objectives
Counter-terrorism, Cease hostilities, Agreement negotiation, Peace enforcement, Peacebuilding, Human rights, Support humanitarian efforts
Sanction Types
- Travel (individual travel ban)
- Asset freeze (individual / entity)
- Arms (arms imports and exports embargo)
- Commodity (charcoal exports ban)
- Financial sector (diaspora tax ban)
- (Secondary sanctions on Eritrea during EP4 and EP5)
Non-UN Sanctions
Regional (EU), Unilateral (US)
Other Policy Instruments
Diplomacy, Peace operations, Use of military force, Covert measures
Background
Following the overthrow of the military dictatorship of Siad Barre in January 1991, a power struggle ensued between different militia factions (or clans) within Somalia, particularly between Mohamed Farah Aideed and Ali Mahdi Mohamed. During the civil war that followed, an estimated 350,000 Somalis died of war, disease, and famine, and images of famine were displayed worldwide.
Episodes
The analysis of the Somalia / Eritrea case is divided into the following episodes (navigatable via the numbers in the top bar):
Episode 1 (23 Jan 1992 - 3 May 2002)
Episode 2 (3 May 2002 - 20 Nov 2008)
Episode 3 (20 Nov 2008 - 23 Dec 2009)
Episode 4 (23 Dec 2009 - 22 Feb 2012)
Episode 5 (22 Feb 2012 - Present)
